In a latest examine printed within the Antioxidants journal, researchers explored the antioxidant and anti inflammatory properties of bamboo leaves (BL) and sheaths (BS).
Research: Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Results of Leaves and Sheath from Bamboo (Phyllostacys edulis J. Houz). Picture Credit score: ListyDwi/Shutterstock.com
Background
Phyllostacys edulis J. Houz, generally often known as bamboo, belongs to the subfamily Bambusoideae of the Poaceae household and holds vital financial worth.
Analysis on pure plant compounds’ anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties has gained vital consideration in recent times as a consequence of their potential functions in numerous industries, together with meals, prescribed drugs, and cosmetics.
Bamboo leaf extracts have been discovered to own anti-inflammatory properties in numerous mobile contexts. The pharmacological research on bamboo have primarily targeting bamboo leaf flavonoids, regardless of the growing detection of chemical compounds in bamboo.
Extra analysis is required to evaluate the efficacy of numerous bamboo by-products and to conduct toxicity assessments on the plant.
Concerning the examine
The crew gathered bamboo leaves and shoots in April 2022. The leaves have been ready by washing and reducing them into small items to be extracted later. Ultrasound-assisted maceration was used to course of each shoots and leaves. Complete phenol content material (TPC) was decided.
The examine utilized ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with a photodiode array detector (PDA-1) detector to quantify phenolic and flavonoid compounds present in bamboo sheaths and leaves.
Beta-carotene safety towards the oxidizing results of thermodegradation merchandise of linoleic acid was additionally assessed by way of a β-carotene bleaching take a look at. The examine utilized HepG2 cells to look at the antioxidant properties of BS extracts in combating oxidative stress brought on by hydrogen peroxide (H202).
The examine investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of bamboo extracts from Phyllostacys edulis. The analysis utilized polysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human macrophages as an acute irritation in vitro mannequin. The gene expression proportions of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BS- and BL-treated human M1 macrophages have been evaluated utilizing real-time polymerase chain response (PCR).
Outcomes
The leaf extract demonstrated sturdy potential in scavenging radicals, with half-maximal inhibitory focus (IC50) values of three.07 within the 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS) and 44.32 µg/mL within the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) exams.
The sheath extract confirmed a big ABTS radical scavenging exercise with an IC50 of 6.78 µg/mL. After 60 minutes of incubation, the exercise of leaves elevated whereas the BS and BL samples confirmed low ferric-reducing potential, with ferric-reducing potential of plasma (FRAP) values of seven.71 and 10.25, respectively. The bioactivity take a look at additionally revealed a constructive correlation between whole phytochemical content material and antioxidant exercise.
Three bamboo species obtained in China, particularly Pleioblastus amarus, Lophatherum gracile, and Phyllostachys nigra, had a decrease DPPH radical scavenging potential. The IC50 values for these species ranged from 1.25 to five.07 mg/mL for Pleioblastus amarus, 1.59 to 2.72 mg/mL for Phyllostachys nigra, and a couple of.10 to 10.17 mg/mL for Lophatherum gracile.
Extracts from Phyllostachys nigra leaves confirmed the same potential to scavenge radicals, with IC50 values starting from 1.79 to 32.64 mg/mL for ABTS and a couple of.05 to 47.90 mg/mL for DPPH.
The examine discovered that mobile remedy with H2O2 elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Nonetheless, utilizing BS inhibited the manufacturing of ROS induced by H2O2 in a dose-dependent method. This means BS can forestall oxidative stress harm brought on by H2O2 in HepG2 cells.
Untreated M0 macrophages have low ranges of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (MCP-CCL2) and interleukin (IL)-6.
Nonetheless, when stimulated with LPS, macrophages enhance their manufacturing of MCP-1/CCL-2 and IL-6. BS and BL have been discovered to have anti-inflammatory results in macrophages, as they diminished irritation at 0.1 and 0.2 mg/ml of BL and BS.
Conclusion
The examine concludes that bamboo leaf and sheath processing by-products have antioxidant and anti inflammatory properties, making them appropriate for numerous industries akin to meals, beauty, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical.
The leaf extract, which accommodates extra whole flavonoids and phenols than the sheath processing by-products, demonstrated the best exercise stage in all antioxidant assays.
The 2 extracts can scale back cytokine manufacturing in mobile irritation, suggesting their potential use in treating or stopping inflammatory illnesses. Extra analysis is required to look at the mechanism of motion and toxicological traits of assorted bamboo extracts for the aim of using plant biomass for human well being advantages.
